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Herbs & Supplements

Arnica montana
Scientific Name: Arnica
Other Names: Leopard's Bane, Mountain Snuff, Mountain Tobacco, Wolf's Bane, Wolfbane

References

Alonso D, Lazarus MC, Baumann L. Effects of topical arnica gel on post-laser treatment bruises. Dermatological Surgery. 2002;28(8):686-688.

Anon. Final report on the safety of Arnica montana extract and Arnica montana. International Journal of Toxicology. 2002;20(Suppl 2):1-11.

Anon: Arnica. In: DerMarderosian A, Beutler JA, eds. Facts and Comparisons: The Review of Natural Products. St. Louis, MO, Facts and Comparisons. 2002.

Baillargeon L, Drouin J, Desjardins L, Leroux D, Audet D. The effects of Arnica Montana on blood coagulation. Randomized controlled trial. [Article in French] Canadian Family Physician. 1993;39:2362-2367.

Barnes J, Resch K L, Ernst E. Homeopathy for postoperative ileus: a meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology, 1997;25(4):628-633.

Beauchamp K. Homeopathy prevents serious childbirth complication. HealthNotes Newswire. November 17, 2005. Available at: http://www.healthnotes.com/online/Back_issues/newswire_2005_11_17_6.htm. Accessed April 27, 2006.

Bilia AR, Bergonzi MC, Mazzi G, Vincieri FF. Development and stability of semisolid preparations based on a supercritical CO2 Arnica extract. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. 2006;41(2):449-454.

Blumenthal M, Gruenwald J, Hall T, Rister RS, eds. The Complete German Commission E Monographs. Austin, Texas: American Botanical Council; 1998.

Brinkhaus B, Wilkens JM, Ludtke R, Hunger J, Witt CM, Willich SN. Homeopathic arnica therapy in patients receiving knee surgery: results of three randomised double-blind trials. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2006;14(4):237-246.

Ernst E, Barnes J. Are homoeopathic remedies effective for delayed-onset muscle soreness: a systematic review of placebo-controlled trials. Perfusion 1998;11:4-8.

Ernst E, Pittler MH. Efficacy of homeopathic arnica: a systematic review of placebo-controlled clinical trials. Archives of Surgery. 1998;133(11):1187-1190.

Ernst E. The benefits of Arnica: 16 case reports. Homeopathy. 2003;92(4):217-219.

Ferraz Filha ZS, Vitolo IF, Fietto LG, Lombardi JA, Saude-Guimaraes DA. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of Lychnophora species from Brazil ("Arnica"). Journal of Ethnopharmacology. Epublished ahead of print February 28, 2006.

Hart O, Mullee MA, Lewith G, Miller J. Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial of homoeopathic arnica C30 for pain and infection after total abdominal hysterectomy Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 1997;90(2):73-78.

Hausen BM. A6-year experience with compositae mix. American Journal of Contact Dermatitis. 1996;7(2):94-99.

Iauk L, Lo Bue AM, Milazzo I, Rapisarda A, Blandino G. Antibacterial activity of medicinal plant extracts against periodontopathic bacteria. Phytotherapy Research. 2003;17(6):599-604.

Jeffrey SL, Belcher HJ. Use of Arnica to relieve pain after carpal-tunnel release surgery. Alternative Therapy in Health and Medicine. 2002;8(2):66-68.

Jellin JM, Gregory P, Batz F, Hitchens K, et al, eds. Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter. Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database, 3rd Edition. Stockton CA: Therapeutic Research Facility, 2000.

Kaziro GS. Metronidazole (Flagyl) and Arnica montana in the prevention of post-surgical complications, a comparative, placebo-controlled clinical trial. British Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery. 1984;22(1):42-49.

Klaas CA, Wagner G, Laufer S, et al. Studies on the anti-inflammatory activity of phytopharmaceuticals prepared from Arnica flowers. Planta Medica. 2002;68(5):385-391.

Knuesel O, Weber M, Suter A. Arnica montana gel in osteoarthritis of the knee: an open, multicenter clinical trial. Advanced Therapeutics. 2002;19(5):209-218.

Koo H, Gomes BP, Rosalen PL, Ambrosano GM, Park YK, Cury JA. In vitro antimicrobial activity of propolis and Arnica montana against oral pathogens Archives of Oral Biology. 2000;45(2):141-148.

Lans C, Turner N, Khan T, Brauer G, Boepple W. Ethnoveterinary medicines used for ruminants in British Columbia, Canada. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 2007;3:11.

Long L, Ernst E. Homeopathic remedies for the treatment of osteoarthritis: a systematic review. British Homoeopathic Journal, 2001;90(1):37-43.

Ludtke R, Hacke D. On the effectiveness of the homeopathic remedy Arnica montana. [Article in German] Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift . 2005;155(21-22):482-490.

Lyss G, Schmidt TJ, Merfort I, Pahl HL. Helenalin, an anti-inflammatory sesquiterpene lactone from Arnica, selectively inhibits transcription factor NF-kappaB. Biological Chemistry. 1997;378(9):951-961.

Merfort I. Arnica: new insights on the molecular mode of action of a traditional medicinal plant. [Article in German] Forsch Komplementarmed Klass Naturheilkd. 2003;10(Suppl 1):45-48.

Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database, Online Edition. Pharmacist's Letter/Prescriber's Letter. Stockton CA: Therapeutic Research Facility, 2006. Available at: http://www.pharmacistsletter.com/(S(ulqz3s45omt3ag55um4kj345))/home.aspx?li=1&st=1&cs=&s=ND.

Oberbaum M, Galoyan N, Lerner-Geva L, et al. The effect of the homeopathic remedies Arnica montana and Bellis perennis on mild postpartum bleeding--a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study--preliminary results. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2005;13(2):87-90.

Peirce A. The American Pharmaceutical Association Practical Guide to Natural Medicines. New York: Stonesong Press; 1999.

Ramelet AA, Buchheim G, Lorenz P, Imfeld M. Homeopathic Arnica in postoperative haematomas [sic]: a double-blind study. Dermatology. 2000;201(4):347-348.

Reider N, Komericki P, Hausen BM, Fritsch P, Aberer W. The seamy side of natural medicines: contact sensitization to arnica (Arnica montana L.) and marigold (Calendula officinalis L). Contact Dermatitis. 2001;45(5):269-272.

Robertson A, Suryanarayanan R, Banerjee A. Homeopathic Arnica montana for post-tonsillectomy analgesia: a randomised placebo control trial. Homeopathy. 2007;96(1):17-21.

Seeley BM, Denton AB, Ahn MS, Maas CS. Effect of homeopathic Arnica montana on bruising in face-lifts: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery. 2006;8(1):54-59.

Stevinson C, Devaraj VS, Fountain-Barber A, Hawkins S, Ernst E. Homeopathic arnica for prevention of pain and bruising: randomized placebo-controlled trial in hand surgery. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 2003;96(2):60-65.

Tekko IA, Bonner MC, Bowen RD, Williams AC. Permeation of bioactive constituents from Arnica montana preparations through human skin in-vitro. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 2006;58(9):1167-1176.

Tveiten D, Bruseth S, Borchgrevink CF, Lohne K. Effect of Arnica D 30 during hard physical exertion. A double-blind randomized trial during the Oslo Marathon 1990. [Article in Norwegian] Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1991;111(30):3630-3631.

Tveiten D, Bruseth S. Effect of Arnica D30 in marathon runners. Pooled results from two double-blind placebo controlled studies. Homeopathy. 2003;92(4):187-189.

Vickers AJ, Fisher P, Smith C, Wyllie SE, Rees R. Homeopathic Arnica30x is ineffective for muscle soreness after long-distance running: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Clinical Journal of Pain. 1998;14(3):221-231.

Wagner S, Merfort I. Skin penetration behaviour of sesquiterpene lactones from different Arnica preparations using a validated GC-MSD method. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. 2007;43(1):32-38.

Weremczuk-Je?yna I, Kisiel W, Wysoki?ska H. Thymol derivatives from hairy roots of Arnica montana. Plant Cell Reproduction. Epublished ahead of print April 4, 2006.

Widrig R, Suter A, Saller R, Melzer J. Choosing between NSAID and arnica for topical treatment of hand osteoarthritis in a randomised, double-blind study. Rheumatology International. 2007;27(6):585-591.

Wolf M, Tamaschke C, Mayer W, Heger M. Efficacy of ARNICA [sic] in varicose vein surgery; results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial. [Article in German] Forsch Komplementarmed Klass Naturheilkd. 2003;10(5):242-247.

Last Revised May 3, 2007

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Note: The above information is not intended to replace the advice of your physician, pharmacist, or other healthcare professional. It is not meant to indicate that the use of the product is safe, appropriate, or effective for you.

In general, herbal products are not subject to review or approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). They are not required to be standardized, meaning that the amounts of active ingredients or contaminants they contain may vary between brands or between different batches of the same brand. Not all of the risks, side effects, or interactions associated with the use of herbal products are known because few reliable studies of their use in humans have been done.

This information is provided for your education only. Please share this information with your healthcare provider and be sure that you talk to your doctor and pharmacist about all the prescription and non-prescription medicines you take before you begin to use any herbal product.

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